Aruna Asaf Ali

Indian independence activist and feminist icon known for her daring leadership during the Quit India Movement

Aruna Asaf Ali (1909–1996) was a trailblazing figure in India's struggle for independence, renowned for her fearless defiance of British colonial rule. Her most iconic act came on August 9, 1942, when she hoisted the Indian National Congress flag at Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank Maidan during the Quit India Movement, despite police orders to shoot protesters on sight. This bold act galvanized nationwide resistance.

Born into a Bengali Brahmo family, Aruna married Asaf Ali, a prominent Muslim leader, challenging societal norms. She joined the Indian National Congress in the 1930s, advocating for women's rights and socialist policies. Imprisoned during the Civil Disobedience Movement, she protested inhumane jail conditions through hunger strikes, earning public admiration.

Post-independence, Aruna continued her activism, founding the National Federation of Indian Women and editing the journal Patriot. She was awarded India’s highest civilian honor, the Bharat Ratna, in 1997. Her legacy as a feminist and socialist endures in modern India’s political discourse.

Aruna’s ability to unite diverse groups under a common cause and her unwavering commitment to equality make her a timeless symbol of resistance. Explore her contributions in the National Archives of India.