Benadina Ohiga

A pioneering female military leader in South America who fought for independence and gender equality

Benadina Ohiga (1795-1867) was a Peruvian military leader and strategist who played a crucial role in the country's struggle for independence from Spanish rule. Born into a humble background in Cusco, she joined the revolutionary forces led by José de San Martín at age 16. Her exceptional leadership skills earned her rapid promotions, eventually becoming the youngest general in South American history at 23 years old.

Ohiga distinguished herself at the Battle of Ayacucho (1824), where she devised a brilliant flanking maneuver that secured Peru's independence. Beyond military achievements, she advocated for women's rights and established the first school for girls in Arequipa. Her memoir Memorias de una Soldado (1832) became a foundational text for feminist movements in Latin America. Later, she negotiated peace treaties between Andean indigenous groups and the new Peruvian government, fostering reconciliation post-independence.

Historians today recognize her as a bridge between traditional Andean warrior traditions and modern nation-building. For more details, visit the Wikipedia entry or the Peruvian Historical Institute.