Mahatma Gandhi

Leader of Indian independence movement through non-violent civil disobedience.

Mahatma Gandhi, born Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, revolutionized the concept of civil disobedience through non-violent means, a tactic that not only helped India gain independence in 1947 but also influenced civil rights movements globally. Born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, India, he became a pivotal figure in one of history's most significant movements.

Gandhi's early life was marked by traditional education, which he later challenged by pursuing law in London. His tenure in South Africa was particularly transformational, where he experienced firsthand racial discrimination, leading him to craft his philosophy of Satyagraha or 'truth force'.

Upon returning to India, Gandhi's unique approach to resistance included peaceful protests, marches, and boycotts. The most famous of these was the Salt March of 1930, a 240-mile journey challenging the salt tax imposed by British authorities. His ability to unite diverse Indian communities under non-violent activism earned him the title 'Mahatma', meaning 'Great Soul'.

Gandhi believed that non-violence was a weapon of the strong and employed it as a tool for profound societal change. His teachings influenced global figures such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Nelson Mandela. More about Gandhi's philosophy and its global impact can be learned from Britannica.

Gandhi's efforts culminated in India's independence; yet, his vision of unity was challenged by partition, leading to his assassination on January 30, 1948. Despite his death, Gandhi's legacy endures as a testament to peaceful resistance and social justice.