Maria da Penha Fernandes

Campaigner who inspired Brazil's landmark domestic violence law, transforming legal responses to gender-based violence.

Maria da Penha Fernandes, born in 1945 in Brazil, is a pioneering advocate for women’s rights, best known for her relentless fight against domestic violence. After surviving a near-fatal poisoning by her husband in 1983, she became an activist for legal reforms. Her case, which took over two decades to resolve due to Brazil’s ineffective legal system at the time, led to the creation of the Maria da Penha Law in 2006. This law, hailed as one of the most progressive in Latin America, mandates stricter penalties for domestic violence and establishes specialized courts to address gender-based crimes.

Fernandes’ advocacy extended beyond her personal tragedy. She co-founded the Instituto Maria da Penha, providing support to victims and training professionals in gender-sensitive justice. The law has since inspired similar legislation in Chile and Argentina. Her work was recognized globally, including a 2010 Nordic Prize for Women’s Rights.

Despite her achievements, Fernandes remains a quiet figure compared to other activists. Her story highlights how personal resilience can catalyze systemic change. The law bearing her name has saved countless lives, proving that even in adversity, individual action can redefine societal norms.