Marina Silva

Amazon rainforest defender who transformed environmental politics in Brazil

Maria Osmarina Marina Silva Vaz de Lima (born 1958) emerged from rubber-tapper roots to become Brazil's most effective environmental minister. Illiterate until 16, she developed groundbreaking policies reducing Amazon deforestation by 76% between 2004-2012 as Environment Minister. Her innovative PPCDAm program combined satellite monitoring with sustainable development incentives.

Born in a seringal (rubber plantation), Silva survived mercury poisoning from gold mining contamination. She co-founded the rubber tappers' union with Chico Mendes, pioneering empates - nonviolent protests against deforestation. As senator, she authored Brazil's first genetic resources protection law (1995).

Now leading Sustainability Party, Silva continues advocating for bioeconomy models in Amazonia. Her 2022 presidential campaign highlighted zero deforestation targets and renewable energy transitions. The UNEP Champions of the Earth Award recipient (2007) remains a global icon for grassroots environmental leadership.