Mary Livermore

Civil War nurse and suffragist who revolutionized women's roles in public health

Mary Livermore (1820–1905) was a trailblazing activist whose work during the American Civil War and beyond redefined women’s participation in public life. As a leader of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, she organized medical supplies and nursing efforts, significantly improving soldier care. Her efforts raised over $1 million for the Union Army—equivalent to $25 million today.

Post-war, Livermore became a prominent suffragist, co-founding the American Woman Suffrage Association and editing the feminist newspaper The Agitator. She also advocated for temperance and education reform, bridging social causes with women’s rights. Her memoir, My Story of the War, remains a vital historical account of women’s wartime contributions.

Livermore’s legacy lies in her ability to mobilize women across class lines, proving their capability in leadership and civic engagement. Her work laid the groundwork for the 19th Amendment and inspired future generations of activists.