Cândido Rondon
Brazilian explorer who created indigenous protection systems while mapping Amazon
Marshal Cândido Rondon (1865-1958) pioneered intercultural diplomacy in Amazon exploration. His 40-year Rondon Commission (1907-1947) achieved:
- Over 4,000 miles of telegraph lines through uncharted jungle
- First peaceful contact with 15+ isolated tribes
- Foundation of Brazil's Indigenous Protection Service
Rondon's famous motto 'Die if necessary, but never kill' redefined colonial exploration ethics. He introduced:
| • Indigenous cartography methods | • Tribal language preservation |
| • Epidemiological studies | • Sustainable rubber extraction |
His 1914 Roosevelt-Rondon Expedition with Theodore Roosevelt nearly cost both men their lives, but produced crucial biodiversity records. Today's Rondônia state and FUNAI agency bear his humanitarian legacy.
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