Elizabeth Fry

British social reformer who transformed prison systems and advocated for humane treatment

Elizabeth Fry (1780–1845) redefined social justice in 19th-century Britain through her groundbreaking work in prison reform. Appalled by the squalid conditions at Newgate Prison, she campaigned for improved sanitation, education, and separation of genders in prisons.

Fry founded the Association for the Improvement of Female Prisoners in 1817, emphasizing rehabilitation over punishment. She also advocated for the abolition of the death penalty and better treatment of the mentally ill. Her influence extended to Europe, where she advised leaders on penal reform.

Her legacy is celebrated in institutions like the Elizabeth Fry Society, which continues to support women in the justice system. Fry’s portrait on the British £5 note (2002–2016) underscores her enduring impact.